Intelligence preparation of the battlespace

Definition

The intelligence preparation of the battlespace (IPB) is

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[t]he analytical methodologies employed by the Services or joint force component commands to reduce uncertainties concerning the enemy, environment, time, and terrain. Intelligence preparation of the battlespace supports the individual operations of the joint force component commands.

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Overview

Intelligence preparation of the battlespace builds an extensive database for each potential area in which a unit may be required to operate. The database is then analyzed in detail to determine the impact of the enemy, environment, and terrain on operations and presents it in graphic form. Intelligence preparation of the battlespace is a continuing process.

For offensive IO, IPB is the continuous process used to develop a detailed knowledge of the adversary's use of information and information systems. IPB for offensive IO uses a process of overlapping and simultaneous actions that produces situation updates, thereby providing JFCs and their subordinate commanders with flexible offensive IO options. IPB in support of offensive IO builds upon traditional combat IPB and requires the following:

• Knowledge of the technical requirements of a wide array of information systems.
• Knowledge of the political, economic, social, and cultural influences.
• The ability to develop templates used to portray the battlespace and refine targets and methods for offensive IO COAs.
• An understanding of the adversary’s or potential adversary’s decision making process.
• An in-depth understanding of the biographical background of key adversary leaders, decision makers, communicators, and their advisors, to include motivating factors and leadership style.
• Knowledge of AOR/JOA geographic, atmospheric, and littoral influences on adversary and friendly operations.